Fahimtar yadda mai ɗaukar hoto yake aiki: mai zurfi cikin tsari, aikace-aikace, da tasiri

Masu karfin suna da juna a duniyar lantarki, ingantaccen ne ga aikin da yawa na'urori da tsari. Suna da sauki a cikin zanen su amma abin da ke da alaƙa a cikin aikace-aikacen su. Don yin godiya da gaske suna godiya da rawar da ke tattare da masu ɗaukar hoto a cikin fasaha na zamani, yana da mahimmanci a gano cikin tsarinsu, ƙa'idodi masu mahimmanci, halayyar da'irori, da kuma faɗuwar aikace-aikacen su. Wannan bincike mai cikakken bincike zai samar da cikakkiyar fahimtar yadda yadda masu ɗaukar hankali suke aiki, yaduwa cikin tasirin su da kuma damar su ta gaba.

Tsarin asali na Capacitor

A cibiya, kyarkeci ya kunshi faranti biyu masu tafiya raba da insulating abu da aka sani da allurar. Wannan tsari na asali ana iya gane shi ta fuskoki daban-daban, daga sauki perte capacitor don ƙarin hadaddun zane kamar cylindrical ko masu ɗaukar hoto. Yawancin lokaci ana yin faranti ne daga ƙarfe, kamar aluminium ko Tantalum, yayin da kayan masu gina jiki zasu iya kewayon fina-finai na polymer, gwargwadon tsarin aikace-aikacen.

An haɗa faranti zuwa da'irar waje, yawanci ta tashar jiragen ruwa waɗanda ke ba da izinin aikace-aikacen da ƙarfin lantarki. Lokacin da ake amfani da wutar lantarki a faɗin faranti, ana haifar da filin lantarki a cikin matattarar wuta, yana haifar da tarin caji akan farantin mai kyau a kan wani. Wannan karawar wannan cajin shine mahimmancin injin da wandamasu karfin kayaadana makamashi na lantarki.

Likita a bayan caji ajiya

Tsarin adana makamashi a cikin Capacitor yana mulkin ka'idodin electrostatatic. Lokacin da wutar lantarki

An yi amfani da v a fadin faranti, filin lantarki

E yana ci gaba a cikin kayan bacci. Wannan filin yana magance karfi akan wutan lantarki kyauta a cikin faranti, yana haifar da su motsawa. Wurelds tara a kan farantin ɗaya, ƙirƙirar caji mara kyau, yayin da ɗayan farantin ya rasa wayoyin lantarki, aka tuhume su da gaskiya.

Abubuwan da ke motsa jiki suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen inganta karfin Capacitor don adana caji. Yana faruwa ne ta hanyar rage filin lantarki tsakanin farantin don cajin da aka adana, wanda ya ƙara ƙarfin na'urar. Gwaninta

C an ayyana shi azaman matsayin caji

Tambaya a kan faranti zuwa ga wutar lantarki

V amfani:

Wannan daidaiton yana nuna cewa karfin yana da ƙarfi kai tsaye ga cajin zargin don ƙarfin lantarki. Rukunin kyamarar shine FARAD (F), mai suna bayan Michael Fareday, majagaba a cikin binciken na lantarki.

Abubuwa da yawa suna tasiri kan karfin Capacitor:

1. Farfajiya na faranti: Farantin faranti na iya adana ƙarin caji, suna haifar da mafi girman ƙarfin.
2. Distance tsakanin farantin: Karamin karami yana kara karfin wutar lantarki kuma, saboda haka, matsi.
3. Kayan aiki: Nau'in da aka gyara yana shafar iyawar Capacitor don adana caji. Kayan tare da mafi girma allurar daidaitawa (rashin izini) karuwa da karfi.

A cikin sharuɗɗa masu amfani, masu karfin gwiwa suna da karfin gwiwa daga picofarads (PF) don farautar (F), gwargwadon girman su, ƙira, da amfani da shi.

Adana da kuzari da sakin

Thearfin da aka adana a cikin Capacoritor aiki ne na ƙarfinta da kuma murabba'in wutar lantarki a duk faranti. Makamashi

A adana shi a matsayin:

Wannan daidaituwa ta nuna cewa kuzarin da aka adana a cikin capacitor yana ƙaruwa tare da duka ƙarfin da ƙarfin lantarki. Mahimmanci, kayan ajiyar makamashi a cikin capacitors ya bambanta da na batir. Duk da yake batutuwa adana makamashi cherical kuma a saki shi a hankali, masu ɗaukar kaya suna adana makamashi da lantarki kuma zasu iya sake shi nan take. Wannan bambanci yana da ƙarfi don aikace-aikacen da ake buƙata na buƙatar saurin ƙarfi.

Lokacin da mai da'irar waje yana ba da damar, Capacorite zai iya fitar da ƙarfin da aka adana shi, sakin cajin da aka tara. Wannan tsarin aikin zai iya sarrafa abubuwan haɗin kai a cikin da'ira, dangane da ikon Capacitor da bukatun da'ira.

Masu ɗaukar hoto a cikin AC da DC da'irar

Halayen masu ɗaukar hoto sun bambanta da mahimmanci tsakanin kai tsaye (DC) da kuma musayar cirru (AC), suna sa su abubuwan da aka gyara a cikin zanen lantarki.

1. Masu karfin a cikin da'irori na DC: A cikin da'irar DC, lokacin da aka haɗa Capacitor zuwa ga wani tushen ƙarfin lantarki, da farko yana ba da damar halin yanzu ya gudana kamar yadda yake caji. Kamar yadda cajin Capacitor, ƙarfin lantarki a duk faɗin faranti yana ƙaruwa, yana adawa da ƙarfin lantarki. A ƙarshe, ƙarfin lantarki a ƙasan kyamarar yana daidai da ƙarfin lantarki, kuma kwararar ta na yanzu ta tsaya, a wane lokaci ana cajin Capacitor. A wannan matakin, mai karba yana aiki azaman bude da'irar, yadda ya kamata tare da ƙarin ci gaba na yanzu.Wannan dukiyar da ake amfani da ita a aikace-aikace kamar suttura ta sama, inda masu ɗaukar kaya zasu iya tace ripples a cikin DC volleage, inda ke ba da tsayayyen fitarwa.
2. Masu karfin gwiwa a cikin circuits: A cikin da'irar AC, wutar lantarki tana amfani da ita mai ɗorewa ta canza shugabanci. Wannan canjin wutar lantarki ke haifar da cajin don canja wuri kuma a cire shi tare da kowane sake zagayowar sigina. Saboda wannan hali, masu ɗaukar hoto a cikin circuits suna ba da izinin wucewa yayin toshe kowaneAn gyara DC.Da impedance
   $ZZ$

    

   Z na Capacitor a cikin Circuit ɗin an ba shi ta:

    

   $Z\; =\; 12\pi fcz\; =\; \backslash \; frac\; \{1\}\; \{2\; \backslash \; pi\; fc\}$

    
   

Inaf shine yawan siginar AC. Wannan daidaituwa ya nuna cewa rashin daidaituwa na Capacitor yana raguwa tare da ƙara yawan mita, masu ɗaukar hoto da yawa (kamar su DC) yayin da suke ba da siginar sauƙaƙen-wuri.

Aikace-aikacen aikace-aikace na masu ɗaukar kaya

Masu karfin suna da alaƙa da aikace-aikace da yawa a duk fannoni daban-daban. Ikonsu na adanawa da sakin makamashi, sigina na tace, da kuma tasiri lokacin da'irori yana sa su zama mahimmanci a cikin na'urorin lantarki da yawa.

1. Tsarin samar da wutar lantarki: A cikin Elwararrun wadataccen wutar lantarki, ana amfani da masu ɗaukar ƙarfi don santsi a cikin wutar lantarki a cikin wutar lantarki, yana ba da kwanciyar hankali. Wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman a na'urori waɗanda ke buƙatar ingantaccen samar da wutar lantarki, kamar su kwamfutoci da wayoyin komai. Masu karfin a cikin wadannan tsarin suna da matakai kamar matattara, sha spikes da dips a cikin wutar lantarki da tabbatar da tsayayyen wutar lantarki.Bugu da ƙari, ana amfani da masu ɗaukar iko a cikin kayan aikin wutar lantarki (UPS) don samar da ikon biyan kuɗi yayin fitar da gajeru. Manyan masu ɗaukar nauyi, waɗanda aka sani da SuperCapacacitors, suna da tasiri sosai a cikin waɗannan aikace-aikacen saboda ƙarfin su na ruwa da sauri.
2. Sarrafa siginar: A cikin da'irar Analog, masu ɗaukar hoto suna wasa muhimmiyar rawa a cikin sarrafa sigina. Ana amfani dasu a cikin matattara don wucewa ko toshe takamaiman adadin adadin juzu'i, suna gyara siginar don ci gaba da sarrafawa. Misali, a cikin kayan aiki, masu ɗaukar kaya suna taimakawa wajen tace amo ba da mara amfani ba, tabbatar da cewa kawai múrar da ake so ana son kuma ana watsa su.Hakanan ana amfani da masu karfin gwiwa a cikin hada-hada da aikace-aikace na aikace-aikace. A cikin compling, wani gidan waya yana ba da alamun sigina don wucewa daga wannan mataki na da'irar zuwa wani yayin da ke toshe abubuwan haɗin DC waɗanda zasu iya tsarawa tare da aikin da suka biyo baya. A cikin sikila, ana sanya masu ɗaukar nauyi a duk layin samar da wutar lantarki don tace amo kuma hana ta daga shafar kayan da suka dace.
3. Kunna da'irori: A cikin tsarin rediyo da tsarin sadarwa, ana amfani da masu ɗaukar iko a cikin haɗin gwiwa tare da masu ba da izini don ƙirƙirar da'awar da'irori waɗanda za'a iya shafa su zuwa takamaiman mitar. Wannan ikon yin tunani yana da mahimmanci don zaɓin alamomi da ake so daga manyan m faiperum, kamar a cikin masu karɓar rediyo, inda masu taimaka wajan ware da kuma fadada siginar sha'awa.
4. Lokaci da Oscillator da'irar da'ira: Masu ɗaukar hoto, a hade tare da masu jurezugi, ana amfani da su don ƙirƙirar da'awar lokaci, kamar waɗanda aka samo a cikin agogo, masu siye, da masu samar da masu gadi. Cajin da kuma karban karbar karawa ta hanyar haifar da haifar da yanayin da ake tsayayya da shi, wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don samar da siginar lokaci ko haifar da abubuwan da ke faruwa a takamaiman tsaka-tsakin lokaci.Oscillator da'irar da'ir, waɗanda ke samar da ci gaba da raƙuman ruwa, suma sun dogara da masu ɗaukar nauyi. A cikin wadannan da'irar, cajin Capacitor da kuma fitar da hawan oscillation da ake buƙata don samar da siginar da aka yi amfani da su a cikin komai masu watsa rediyo zuwa na'urar kiɗan lantarki zuwa karyayyen kiɗan lantarki zuwa karyayyen kiɗan lantarki.
5. Adana mai karfi: Supercapacitors, kuma da aka sani da ULTRAPACITORS, wakiltar babban ci gaba a fasahar adana makamashi. Waɗannan na'urorin zasu iya adana makamashi mai yawa kuma suna sakin shi da sauri, sanya su da ya dace don neman isar da makamashi mai sauri, kamar a cikin sake farfado da dabarar jirgi a cikin motocin lantarki. Ba kamar baturan gargajiya ba, Supercapacitors da yawa, zai iya yin la'akari da ƙarin masu caji, kuma cajin yawancin sauri.Hakanan ana bincika supercapa don amfani da tsarin makamashi mai sabuntawa, inda za su iya adana makamashi ta hanyar bangarorin hasken rana ko kuma turbar iska kuma suna taimakawa wajen shirya wutar lantarki.
6. Masu ɗaukar hoto na lantarki: Masu ɗaukar wuta na lantarki wani nau'in ne ke amfani da electrolyte don cimma ruwa mafi girma fiye da sauran nau'ikan. Ana amfani dasu a aikace-aikacen da ake amfani dasu a aikace-aikacen da ake buƙata girma mafi ƙarfi a cikin karamin girma, kamar a cikin tacewar samar da wutar samar da wutar lantarki da kuma amsoshi na wuta. Duk da haka, suna da iyakataccen lifespan idan aka kwatanta da sauran masu karfafa, yayin da lantarki zai iya bushewa a kan lokaci, yana haifar da asarar kyamarar da gajiya.

Abubuwan da zasu faru nan gaba da sababbin fasahar capacoror

Yayinda fasaha ke ci gaba da lalacewa, haka ma ci gaban fasahar Capacoror. Masu bincike suna bincika sabbin kayan aiki da kayayyaki don inganta aikin masu ɗaukar kaya, suna sa su mafi inganci, mai dorewa, kuma mai iya sarrafa adanawa har ma da makamashi.

1. Nanootechnology: Ci gaba a cikin kamuɗaranci yana haifar da haɓakar masu ɗaukar hoto tare da kaddarorin da aka inganta. Ta amfani da nanomaterials, kamar Graphet da Carbon Nanotubes, masu bincike na iya ƙirƙirar masu takaitawa tare da mafi girman ƙarfin makamashi da sauri-firgita-fattaki. Wadannan sabbin abubuwa na iya haifar da karami, mafi karfi wadanda suke da kyau don amfani a cikin lantarki na lantarki da motocin lantarki.
2. M-jihar masu karfin gwiwa: Waɗanda ke da karfin gwiwa, waɗanda suke amfani da electrolyte maimakon wani ruwa guda, suna zama mafi gama gari a aikace-aikacen aikace-aikacen. Wadannan masu karfin wadannan suna ba da ingantacciyar amincin, masu tsayi, da mafi kyawun aiki a babban yanayin zafi idan aka kwatanta da masu ɗaukar hoto na lantarki.
3. M da m »lonstics: Kamar yadda fasahar da ba za ta iya zama da wadatar ba da wadatar abinci mai sauki ba, akwai bukatar ci gaba da masu karfin gwiwa da zasu iya lanƙwasa da kuma shimfiɗa ba tare da rasa aiki ba. Masu bincike suna haɓaka masu haɓaka masu sassauci ta amfani da kayan kamar kayan kwalliya da fina-finai, suna ba da sabbin aikace-aikace a cikin kiwon lafiya, da motsa jiki, da kuma kayan lantarki.
4. Girbin makamashi: Masu karfin suna taka rawa wajen yin girbi na samar da makamashi, inda ake amfani da su don adana makamashi da aka kama daga kafofin muhalli, kamar bangarori, rawar jiki, ko zafi. Waɗannan tsarin na iya samar da iko ga ƙananan na'urori ko na'urori masu santsi cikin wurare masu nisa, suna rage buƙatar baturan gargajiya.
5. Manyan masu tsaron gida: Akwai bincike mai gudana cikin masu daukar ma'aikata waɗanda zasu iya aiki a yanayin zafi mafi girma, wanda yake da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen a cikin Aerospace, kayan aiki, da saitunan masana'antu. Wadannan masu karfin suna amfani da kayan aikin kayan abinci masu ci gaba wanda zai iya jure matsanancin yanayi, tabbatar da aikin dogara cikin yanayin m.

Ƙarshe

Masu karfin gwiwa sune abubuwan da ba makawa a cikin wuraren lantarki na zamani, suna wasa mahimman matsayi a cikin ajiya na makamashi, sarrafa sigina, sarrafa iko, da kuma nazarin iko. Ikonsu na adana da kuma saki makamashi da sauri ya dace da su ta hanyar aikace-aikacen aikace-aikace, daga sutturar wutar lantarki don karɓar aikin haɗin sadarwa tsarin. Yayinda fasahar ta ci gaba da ci gaba, Haɓaka sabon fasahohin Capacitor da kayan da suka yi alkawarin fadada iyawarsu har ma, masu amfani da wutar lantarki, da kuma wasan lantarki mai sauyawa. Fahimtar yadda masu ɗaukar kaya ke aiki, da kuma nuna godiya da tasirin su da tasiri, yana ba da tushe don bincika filin lantarki da ƙasa mai girma.