Makamashin da aka adana a cikin capacitor yana cikin nau'in makamashin filin lantarki.

Ajiye makamashi a cikin capacitors: nazarin mai ɗaukar kaya da amfani da makamashin filin lantarki
A matsayin babban abin adana makamashi a cikin da'irori na lantarki, capacitors suna adana makamashi a cikin nau'in makamashin filin lantarki. Lokacin da aka haɗa faranti biyu na capacitor zuwa tushen wuta, caji mai kyau da mara kyau suna taruwa a kan faranti biyu a ƙarƙashin aikin ƙarfin filin lantarki, suna samar da bambanci mai yuwuwa da kuma kafa filin lantarki mai karko a cikin dielectric tsakanin faranti. Wannan tsari yana bin dokar kiyaye makamashi. Tarin caji yana buƙatar aiki don shawo kan ƙarfin filin lantarki, kuma a ƙarshe yana adana makamashi a cikin nau'in filin lantarki. Ana iya ƙididdige ƙarfin ajiyar makamashi na capacitor ta hanyar dabarar E=21CV2, inda C shine capacitance kuma V shine ƙarfin lantarki tsakanin faranti

Halaye masu ƙarfi na makamashin filin lantarki

Ba kamar batirin gargajiya da ke dogara da makamashin sinadarai ba, ajiyar makamashin capacitor gaba ɗaya ya dogara ne akan aikin filayen lantarki na zahiri. Misali, electrolyticcapacitorsadana makamashi ta hanyar tasirin polarization na fim ɗin oxide tsakanin faranti da electrolyte, wanda ya dace da yanayi waɗanda ke buƙatar caji da fitarwa cikin sauri, kamar tace wutar lantarki. Supercapacitors (kamar capacitors mai layuka biyu) suna samar da tsari mai layuka biyu ta hanyar haɗin tsakanin electrode carbon da aka kunna da electrolyte, wanda hakan ke inganta yawan ajiyar makamashi sosai. Ka'idojinsa sun kasu kashi biyu:

​Ajiyar makamashi mai matakai biyu: Ana ɗaukar caji a saman electrode ta hanyar wutar lantarki mai tsauri, ba tare da halayen sinadarai ba, kuma yana da saurin caji da fitarwa mai sauri.

Faraday pseudocapacitor: Yana amfani da saurin redox halayen kayan kamar ruthenium oxide don adana caji, tare da duka yawan kuzari mai yawa da yawan ƙarfi mai yawa.

Bambancin sakin makamashi da aikace-aikacensa
Lokacin da capacitor ya saki makamashi, filin lantarki za a iya canza shi cikin sauri zuwa makamashin lantarki don tallafawa buƙatun amsawar mita mai yawa. Misali, a cikin inverters na hasken rana, capacitors suna rage canjin wutar lantarki da inganta ingancin canza makamashi ta hanyar tacewa da kuma haɗa ayyukan; a cikin tsarin wutar lantarki,capacitorsInganta daidaiton grid ta hanyar ramawa ga ƙarfin amsawa. Ana amfani da Supercapacitors don sake cika wutar lantarki nan take da kuma daidaita mitar grid na motocin lantarki saboda ƙarfin amsawar millisecond ɗinsu.

Hasashen Nan Gaba
Tare da ci gaba a fannin kimiyyar kayan aiki (kamar su electrodes na graphene), yawan kuzarin capacitors yana ci gaba da ƙaruwa, kuma yanayin aikace-aikacensu yana faɗaɗa daga na'urorin lantarki na gargajiya zuwa fannoni na zamani kamar sabbin ajiyar makamashi da grid masu wayo. Amfani da makamashin filin lantarki mai inganci ba wai kawai ya haɓaka ci gaban fasaha ba, har ma ya zama wani ɓangare na canjin makamashi.